專利名稱：電子琴電路的制作方法
技術領域：
本發明是一種電子琴電路。
電子琴電路種類繁多，但原理大致雷同。現有各種電子琴，存在著音色不夠完美、各種管弦器樂聲模擬不夠逼真的缺點。此外，音響頻寬不夠、采用軟件太復雜、高頻諧波失真等，亦系現有技術中所存在之問題。
針對以上不足之處，本發明的目的是研制一種新的電子琴電路，這種電路采用較簡單的軟件，即可達到音色和諧、樂聲模擬逼真的目的。
本發明所述電路包括六個集成塊U1-U6。其中U1是微型電腦，U2是高頻控制信號發生器，U3為數模轉換器，U4是隔離放大器，U5為時鐘脈沖發生器，U6是雙聲道功率放大器。當電源開啟后，時鐘脈沖發生器U5即產生3.579兆赫的時鐘脈沖訊號，該訊號分別經兩級及一級反相器而輸入微型電腦U1和調頻控制信號發生器U2。微型電腦在時鐘脈沖信號及其中軟件的操縱下，對琴鍵和/或功能鍵進行掃描，送出某一(或某些)鍵已被按下信息，送入調頻控制信號發生器內。調頻控制信號發生器產生相對應的數碼音頻信號，經數模轉換器轉換成模擬音頻信號，然后送入隔離放大器，把輸入端與輸出端隔離開，以達最佳負荷匹配之目的。由隔離放大器輸出的信號復入每邊的雙聲道功率放大器進行功率放大后，被送至揚聲器。
本發明采用了特殊設計的微型電腦集成塊U1，配以一種新型簡單的數碼控制程序，而達到音質優美、音色和諧、器樂聲模擬逼真的目的。
本發明中的集成塊U1(附
圖1)是一個單芯片64腳微型電腦。它內藏一個中央處理器(CPU)，只讀存儲器(EPROM)，隨機存取存儲器(RAM)、累加器、輸入/輸出端口、電源開啟歸零線路以及串接介面等。存儲器中的只讀存儲器(EPROM)為8192×8位元;隨機存取存儲器(RAM)為512×4位元;位元復制記憶為16位元;此外還具有四個8×4位元的一般用途儲存庫。累加器有位元累加器(CY)、4位元累加器(A)和8位元累加器(XA)三種。輸入/輸出端口包括高電流(200毫安)輸出端口(32只腳)，可直接推動諸發光二極管;以及12條N-溝通(漏極開路)。串連介面為8位元串連介面，數據傳輸可由LSB或MSB開始，它具有兩個切換選擇(傳送/接收)。本集成塊的腳與腳間距離為1.78毫米，它能產生46種指令，并能產生位元復制指令、8位元數據的傳輸、比較、加/減指令，1位組相連分支指令，其中1位組指令能完成2-3位組指令功能。指令周期分兩種高速度周期(0.95微秒/4.19兆赫)以及低伏特周期(1.91微秒/4.19兆赫，或15.3微秒/4.19兆赫)微型電腦中使用的數碼控制程序，附在說明書之后。
集成塊U2(附圖2)是調頻控制信號發生器，在數碼程序控制下，產生一系列可變化的寬頻音響，并具備產生音樂節奏功能。由于它內藏一個低頻振蕩器，用于產生聲音振動并調幅效應，故在產生特別音響效果時，可減少軟件的復雜性。由于該集成塊是數碼輸出的，故在其輸出端設有數碼轉換塊。本集成塊能產生較寬可變的調頻音響，并內藏振動產生器及調幅器，能配合TTL輸入/輸出。集成塊由5伏單電源供電。
集成塊U3(附圖3)是浮動串連輸入數碼/線性模擬信號轉換器，它能把一系列數碼輸入轉換成線性模擬信號而輸出(具有16位元的動態量程)。該集成塊能減少一般噪音及高頻諧波失真，在不同氣溫下具有穩定工作點的性能。
集成塊U4(附圖4)為一個二運算放大器的8腳集成塊，第8腳和第4腳分別接正和負電源(VDD及VSS)。它通過二運放深度負反饋來提高輸入阻抗，降低輸出阻抗，起到隔離輸入端和輸出端的作用。
集成塊U5為時鐘脈沖發生器，是一個晶體振蕩器，它是一個14腳的集成塊，經由內藏的反相器而分別將信號送至微型電腦集成塊U1，和調頻控制信號發生器U2。
集成塊U6為一雙聲道功率放大器，放大器每邊功率為2.5瓦，電源為9伏，接4歐姆揚聲器。其中第1腳和第10腳分別接負和正電源。
附圖5是整個電路的系統方塊圖。
附圖6是本發明之最佳實施例。
附圖2集成塊U2的各出腳說明IRQ輸入請求IC內部聯接AO放大器輸出端WR·RD控制線CS通道狀態φSy同步SH存貯操作采樣保持Nc不連接Dφ-D7八位數據線附圖3集成塊U3的出腳說明VDD電源LoAD置數ToBUFF至緩沖SD抽樣延遲φ1(clock)時鐘RB反向讀出MP維修程序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權利要求
1.一種電子琴電路，包括調頻控制信號發生器，數模轉換器，隔離放大器，時鐘脈沖發生器和雙聲道功率放大器，其特征在于使用一種64個腳的微型電腦。
2.按權利要求1所述的電子琴電路，其特征在于所用微型電腦的腳間距為1.78毫米。
3.按權利要求1或2所述的電子琴的微型電腦，其特征在于采用一種新型、簡單的數碼控制程序。
4.按權利要求1所述的電子琴電路，其特征在于調頻控制信號發生器中內藏一個用于產生音頻響應增寬的低頻振蕩器。
全文摘要
本發明為一種電子琴電路，其中包括微型電腦、調頻控制信號發生器、數模轉換器、隔離放大器、時鐘脈沖發生器和雙聲道功率放大器，并采用一種新型簡單的數碼控制程序，以達到音色和諧，樂音模擬更加逼真之目的。
文檔編號G10H1/00GK1032254SQ8710650
公開日1989年4月5日 申請日期1987年9月25日 優先權日1987年9月25日
發明者原蜀育, 鄧開權 申請人:中國康華實業公司南方分公司深圳支公司